<![CDATA[Latest posts for the topic "Giám sát hệ thống bằng SNMP "]]> /hvaonline/posts/list/24.html JForum - http://www.jforum.net Giám sát hệ thống bằng SNMP Sơ luợt về SNMP 1. SNMP (UDP) lấy thông tin từ MIB(Management Information Base) để xuất ra rất nhiều thông tin cho bạn ... như là fan speed , traffic , disk I/O , server load , prosess load tree , vv... thông thường chủ yếu chia thành 2 giao thức , thứ nhất là agent , 2 là manager các thông tin dùng Protocol Data Units hoạt động thông tin giao thức từ manager đến agent GetRequest - > GetNextRequest - > SetRequest từ agent qua manager GetResponse - > Trap sau đó nếu system có vấn đề snmp dùng Trap để báo các sự cố cho bạn (qua mail, ĐTDD vv..) 0 GetRequest - > 1 GetNextRequest - > 2 GetResponce - > 3 SetRequest#6699FF - > 4 Trap tiện một cái là hiện giờ có rất nhiều tool lấy data từ SNMP ra , change interface qua đồ hoạ , các chương trình hiện có khá đẹp mắt cho người dùng , điễn hình : RRDTOOL , HotSaniC ... là một admin của hệ thống Linux chắc chắn SNMP sẻ là một lợi thế quản lý "24×364 system" 2 :Chương trình cần thiết để cấu hình ====================== RRDtool http://people.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/rrdtool/ RPM http://dag.wieers.com/packages/rrdtool/ ====================== HotSaNIC http://hotsanic.sourceforge.net/ RPM http://freshmeat.net/projects/xqf/?branch_...elease_id=38761 ====================== SNMP http://atrpms.physik.fu-berlin.de/name/lm_sensors/ RPM http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=12694 ====================== lm_sensors- http://www2.lm-sensors.nu/~lm78/index.html RPM http://atrpms.physik.fu-berlin.de/name/lm_sensors/ ====================== 3 :Bắt đầu cài đặt và cấu hình Đầu tiên nên cài lm_sensors. Cài đặt rpm -Uvh lm_sensors-2.8.4-0_21.rhfc1.at.i386.rpm 警告: lm_sensors-2.8.4-0_21.rhfc1.at.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 66534c2b Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:lm_sensors ########################################### [100%] chú ý : truớc khi bạn dùng lm_sensors , bạn hãy gé thăm site duới đây để check chip của bạn có đuợc hổ trợ hay không . http://secure.netroedge.com/~lm78/supported.html Sau khi hoàn tất , gỏ lệnh sau /usr/sbin/sensors-detect
This program will help you determine which I2C/SMBus modules you need to load to use lm_sensors most effectively. You need to have i2c and lm_sensors installed before running this program. Also, you need to be `root`, or at least have access to the /dev/i2c-* files, for most things. If you have patched your kernel and have some drivers built in, you can safely answer NO if asked to load some modules. In this case, things may seem a bit confusing, but they will still work. We can start with probing for (PCI) I2C or SMBus adapters. You do not need any special privileges for this. Do you want to probe now? (YES/no): Probing for PCI bus adapters... Use driver `i2c-viapro` for device 00:07.4: VIA Technologies VT82C686 Apollo ACPI Probe succesfully concluded. We will now try to load each adapter module in turn. Load `i2c-viapro` (say NO if built into your kernel)? (YES/no):  
sau khi cài đặt xong , chương trình sẻ yêu cầu bạn chèn thêm modules vào file /etc/modules.conf . sau khi chèn xong , copy link sang /etc/rc.d/init.d . Khởi động lm_senors # /etc/rc.d/init.d/lm_sensors start
Starting up sensors: starting module __i2c-viapro__ starting module __i2c-isa__ starting module __lm80__ starting module __eeprom__ starting module __via686a__ starting module __bmcsensors__ [ OK ]  
Gỏ lệnh senors bạn sẻ thấy các thông tin như sau # sensors
lm80-i2c-0-2d Adapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 8100 +5V: +3.37 V (min = +5.53 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM VTT: +1.25 V (min = +1.90 V, max = +1.67 V) ALARM +3.3V: +2.62 V (min = +3.13 V, max = +3.46 V) ALARM +Vcore: +3.14 V (min = +1.80 V, max = +1.99 V) ALARM +12V: +13.20 V (min = +11.37 V, max = +12.57 V) -12V: -3.87 V (min = -12.64 V, max = -11.43 V) -5V: -0.92 V (min = -5.27 V, max = -4.78 V) fan1: 10629 RPM (min = 6000 RPM, div = 1) ALARM fan2: 7988 RPM (min = 6783 RPM, div = 1) temp: +127.00°C (hot: limit = +6°C, hyst = -82°C) ALARM : (os: limit = -92°C, hyst = -31°C) ALARM alarms: Board temperature input (LM75) ALARM alarms: Chassis intrusion detection ALARM eeprom-i2c-0-50 Adapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 8100 Memory type: SDR SDRAM DIMM Memory size (MB): 128 eeprom-i2c-0-51 Adapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 8100 Memory type: SDR SDRAM DIMM Memory size (MB): 128 eeprom-i2c-0-52 Adapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 8100 Memory type: SDR SDRAM DIMM Memory size (MB): 256 eeprom-i2c-0-56 Adapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 8100 Memory type: DRDRAM RIMM Memory size (MB): invalid (4 9 0 176) via686a-isa-6800 Adapter: ISA adapter CPU core: +1.79 V (min = +1.98 V, max = +2.49 V) ALARM +2.5V: +2.53 V (min = +2.36 V, max = +2.25 V) ALARM I/O: +3.32 V (min = +2.14 V, max = +2.86 V) ALARM +5V: +5.07 V (min = +4.92 V, max = +3.01 V) ALARM +12V: +12.22 V (min = +4.01 V, max = +10.79 V) ALARM CPU Fan: 3994 RPM (min = 3000 RPM, div = 2) P/S Fan: 0 RPM (min = 3000 RPM, div = 2) SYS Temp: +23.8°C (high = +45°C, hyst = +40°C) CPU Temp: +22.4°C (high = +60°C, hyst = +55°C) SBr Temp: +20.6°C (high = +65°C, hyst = +60°C)  
5:Cài đặt SNMP # rpm -ivh ucd-snmp-4.2.3-1vl1.i386.rpm ucd-snmp      ################################################## # rpm -ivh ucd-snmp-devel-4.2.3-1vl1.i386.rpm ucd-snmp-devel   ################################################## # rpm -ivh ucd-snmp-utils-4.2.3-1vl1.i386.rpm ucd-snmp-utils   ################################################## Cấu hình SMMP như sau trong file /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
#### com2sec local localhost private # server de view data va pass , o day toi dac pass la home com2sec mynetwork 192.168.0.0/24 home group MyRWGroup v1 local group MyRWGroup v2c local group MyRWGroup usm local group MyROGroup v1 mynetwork group MyROGroup v2c mynetwork group MyROGroup usm mynetwork view all included .1 80 access MyROGroup ```` any noauth exact all none none access MyRWGroup ```` any noauth exact all all all #tuy theo system cua ban , co le phan it87-isa-0290 se khong dung nhu toi config , neu khong dung thi edit path lai . exec temp1 /bin/cat /proc/sys/dev/sensors/it87-isa-0290/temp2 exec temp2 /bin/cat /proc/sys/dev/sensors/it87-isa-0290/temp1 #disk / 10000 # phan data disk , chac cac ban deu dung nhu la /dev/hda /dev/sda vv ... edit lai luon . disk / 5% disk /export/hd1 5% syslocation Asus Terminator TU # co the chen email cua ban syscontact root  
6: Cài đặt RRDTOOL # rpm -ivh ./rrdtool-1.0.40-1.7.2j.rpm rrdtool        ################################################## # rpm -ivh ./rrdtool-devel-1.0.40-1.7.2j.i386.rpm rrdtool-devel     ################################################## # ldconfig <-- khoi cung duoc 6 : INSTALL HOTSANIC # cd /usr/local # tar zxfv HotSaNIC-0.4.0.tgz # cd HotSaNIC # ./setup.pl Các option khi chạy script setup.pl
SENSORS = để chạy lm_sensors ○ PART = Disk free ○ TRAFFIC = Network traffic ○ DISKIO = Disk Ì/O/O ○ SYSTEM =CPU ,MEM, vv... ○ DNET = không biết × PING =pingchecker × NETWORK =xem info cũa 1 host nào đó × iptables = isntall iptables × WORMS = không cần × 
Sữa file /usr/locall/HotSanic/settings BINPATH=``not configured`` - > BINPATH=``/usr/bin`` ##bin path của RRDtool WEBDIR=``not configured``- > WEBDIR=``/home/httpd/html/rrdtool`` ``xuất file vô dir nào`` IMAGEFORMAT=``gif`` - > IMAGEFORMAT=``png`` (png cho nhẹ) Setting sensors Mở file /usr/local/HotSaNIC/data-sensors/settings thêm vào SENSOR=/proc/sys/dev/sensors/it87-isa-0290/temp1,cputemp,CPU temp,3,1,0,度 SENSOR=/proc/sys/dev/sensors/it87-isa-0290/temp2,mbtemp,MB temp,3,1,0,度 setting part /usr/local/HotSaNIC/data-part/settings them vào DRIVE=filesystemmount setting DISKIO cat /proc/stat disk_io: (3,0):(471176,92636,3013450,378540,12126724) (3,1):(97807,54960,757450,42847,3364496) /usr/local/HotSaNIC/data-diskio/settings DEV=3_0,hda DEV=3_1,hdb demo setting files http://network.dynsite.net/minh/hotsanicco...rs-settings.txt http://network.dynsite.net/minh/hotsanicco...io-settings.txt http://network.dynsite.net/minh/hotsanicco...rt-settings.txt http://network.dynsite.net/minh/hotsanicco...em-settings.txt http://network.dynsite.net/minh/hotsanicco...ic-settings.txt # Sau cùng Dùngcác lệnh sau để make cài đặt hotsanic , và start hotsanic . 1: /usr/local/HotSaNIC/makeindex.pl 2: /usr/local/HotSaNIC/rrdtimer -i 3:/usr/local/HotSaNIC/rrdgraph start 4:/usr/local/HotSaNIC/diagrams 5:/usr/local/HotSaNIC/convert.pl Chú ý : Default HostSanic lấy data (DISK , CPU , Traffic ....) từ SNMP một luợt , và trong một thời gian ngắn (10sec lấy một lần ) , do đó bạn nên config lại thời gian lấy data từ SNMP . Mỏ file rrdtimer cũa HostSanic và kếm tới section sau , và edit đoạn có COLOR màu vàng thành con số thích họp (sec) . Code:
######################################################################
#
# the main loop executes all timed scripts:
#
# data-*/read-data every > =10 sec. (hardcoded)
# data-*/diagrams every $DTIME
# convert() every $CTIME if $CONVERTMETHOD is other than ``HTML``
# scan_for_modules() every $STIME
#
sub main_loop {
my ($DAEMONDIR,$WEBDIR,$CTIME,$CONVERTMETHOD,$DTIME,$STIME,$LOGSI
ZE,$LOGBACKUPS,$debuglevel,$parallel,$RUN,$SHOW)=@_;
my ($now,$last,$lastscan,$lastdiagram,$lastconvert,@modules);

$now=time;
$last=$now-100;
$lastscan=$now;
$lastdiagram=int($now/$DTIME)*$DTIME;
$lastconvert=int($now/$CTIME)*$CTIME;

@modules=scan_for_modules($DAEMONDIR,$debuglevel,$RUN);
initialize_modules($DAEMONDIR,@modules);


while () {
$now=time;

if ($last[color=yellow]+100[/color] <= $now) { 

if ($debuglevel > 0) { print $now,``: main loop running ``; }

# scan directory for rrdgraph-modules.
#
if ($lastscan+$STIME <= $now) {
@modules=scan_for_modules($DAEMONDIR,$debuglevel,$RUN);
$lastscan=$now;
if ($debuglevel < 0) { logrotate($LOGDIR,$LOGSIZE,$LOGBACKUPS,$debuglevel); }
}
demo http://anipro.vanouwerkerk.nl/ http://anipro.vanouwerkerk.nl/system/load.html http://anipro.vanouwerkerk.nl/netstat/connections.html http://anipro.vanouwerkerk.nl/netstat/connections.html 777]]>
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